Printer Prints Color But Not Black: Complete Fix Guide

Step-by-step solutions for when color works perfectly but black ink won't print. Covers all major printer brands.

By Glen Meade, TestMyPrinter Team · Updated December 2025

The Good News First

If Color Prints Fine, Your Printer Is Working!

When color prints correctly but black doesn't, it tells us a lot about what ISN'T wrong:

  • Print mechanism is functioning properly
  • Computer-to-printer communication is working
  • Printer driver is installed correctly
  • Paper feeding system is operational

The problem is isolated to the black ink channel only — and that's usually fixable with the steps below.

Quick Fix Steps

1

Run Printhead Cleaning

Access your printer's maintenance menu and run the printhead cleaning cycle. Select "Black Only" if that option is available.

Tip: Run the cleaning cycle 2-3 times. Wait 5 minutes between cycles to let the ink settle.

2

Check Black Ink Level

Verify that the black ink cartridge isn't empty or critically low. Sometimes the printer doesn't report low ink accurately.

Note: Some third-party cartridges don't report ink levels correctly. If using refilled or third-party ink, check visually.

3

Reseat the Black Cartridge

Remove the black ink cartridge, clean the gold electrical contacts with a lint-free cloth, and reinstall it firmly until it clicks.

Don't touch: The nozzle plate or printhead
Do clean: Gold/copper electrical contacts
4

Print a Nozzle Check Pattern

Print a nozzle check pattern from your printer's maintenance menu. Look for gaps or missing lines in the black section.

Print Nozzle Check Page →
5

Run Deep Cleaning (If Needed)

If regular cleaning doesn't work, most printers have a "Deep Cleaning" or "Power Ink Flushing" option. This uses more ink but is more aggressive.

Warning: Deep cleaning uses significant ink. Only run it if regular cleaning fails, and don't run it more than twice in a row.

Why Color Works But Black Doesn't

Understanding why this specific problem occurs helps you fix and prevent it:

Separate Nozzle Systems

Inkjet printers have independent nozzles for each color (CMYK). The black (K) nozzle can become clogged while Cyan, Magenta, and Yellow continue to work perfectly.

C: ✅ | M: ✅ | Y: ✅ | K: ❌

Different Ink Types

Black ink is often pigment-based (thick, opaque, long-lasting) while color inks are dye-based (thin, vibrant). Pigment ink dries and clogs nozzles faster than dye ink.

Pigment (Black): Thicker, clogs easily
Dye (Color): Thinner, flows better

Usage Patterns

If you primarily print color photos or graphics, your black nozzles may sit unused for extended periods. Idle nozzles dry out faster than frequently used ones.

Prevention: Print a page with black text weekly

Two Black Ink Types

Many printers have two black inks: "Photo Black" (for glossy paper) and "Matte/Text Black" (for plain paper). One may work while the other is clogged.

Check both: Run nozzle checks on both paper types

Complete Printhead Cleaning Guide

Software Cleaning (Try This First)

Every inkjet printer has built-in cleaning utilities. Access them through:

Windows

  1. 1. Settings → Devices → Printers
  2. 2. Right-click your printer → Properties
  3. 3. Maintenance or Service tab
  4. 4. Clean Print Heads

Mac

  1. 1. System Preferences → Printers
  2. 2. Select your printer
  3. 3. Options & Supplies → Utility
  4. 4. Open Printer Utility

Manual Cartridge Cleaning

If software cleaning doesn't work, try manually cleaning the cartridge:

  1. 1 Remove the black ink cartridge from the printer
  2. 2 Dampen a lint-free cloth or coffee filter with warm distilled water
  3. 3 Gently dab (don't wipe) the nozzle plate until ink starts to appear on the cloth
  4. 4 Clean the electrical contacts on the cartridge with a dry lint-free cloth
  5. 5 Let the cartridge dry for 5 minutes before reinstalling
  6. 6 Reinstall and run a nozzle check

Deep Cleaning Warning

Some printers have a "Power Ink Flushing" option that forces ink through clogged nozzles. This uses significant ink (sometimes equivalent to a full cartridge). Only use as a last resort before replacing the cartridge or printhead.

Brand-Specific Solutions

HP Printers

How to Clean HP Black Printhead:

  1. 1. Open HP Smart app or HP Printer Software
  2. 2. Go to Printer Maintenance → Tools
  3. 3. Select "Print Quality Tools"
  4. 4. Choose "Clean Printheads"
  5. 5. Run "Level 2" cleaning for stubborn clogs

HP printers often have two cleaning levels. If Level 1 doesn't work, Level 2 uses more ink but is more effective.

Canon Printers

How to Clean Canon Black Printhead:

  1. 1. Press Setup or Menu button
  2. 2. Navigate to Maintenance
  3. 3. Select "Deep Cleaning"
  4. 4. Choose "PGBK" (Pigment Black) specifically
  5. 5. Wait for completion and run nozzle check

Canon PIXMA printers often have separate PGBK (text black) and BK (photo black) cartridges. Make sure to clean the correct one.

Epson Printers

How to Clean Epson Black Printhead:

  1. 1. Open Epson Printer Utility
  2. 2. Go to Maintenance tab
  3. 3. Select "Head Cleaning"
  4. 4. For stubborn clogs: Use "Power Ink Flushing"
  5. 5. Print nozzle check after each cleaning

Epson's Power Ink Flushing is very effective but uses a lot of ink. Only use if regular cleaning fails after 3 attempts.

Brother Printers

How to Clean Brother Black Printhead:

  1. 1. Press Menu on printer
  2. 2. Navigate to Ink → Cleaning
  3. 3. Select "Black" to clean only black
  4. 4. Press Start and wait for completion
  5. 5. Print test page to verify

Brother inkjet printers allow selecting individual colors for cleaning, which saves ink when only black is affected.

Advanced Fixes (When Cleaning Doesn't Work)

Option 1: Printhead Soaking

For severely clogged printheads (only on printers with removable printheads):

  1. 1. Remove the printhead from the printer (check your manual)
  2. 2. Place nozzle-side down in 1/4" of warm distilled water
  3. 3. Soak for 10-15 minutes
  4. 4. Blot dry with paper towels (don't wipe)
  5. 5. Let air dry for 1 hour before reinstalling
  6. 6. Run multiple cleaning cycles

Note: This may void warranty. Only attempt on out-of-warranty printers.

Option 2: Check Print Settings

Sometimes the issue is software, not hardware:

  • "Print in Color" mode: Some settings force color-only printing. Check print preferences.
  • Paper type setting: If set to "Photo Paper," the printer may use photo black instead of text black.
  • Driver issue: Uninstall and reinstall the printer driver from the manufacturer's website.

Option 3: Replace the Cartridge or Printhead

If nothing works, the cartridge or printhead may be damaged:

  • Cartridge-based printers: Try a new genuine black cartridge
  • Separate printhead: Replacement printheads cost $30-$100 depending on model
  • Built-in printhead: If printhead is integrated into printer (some Epsons), repair may cost more than replacement

Temporary Workarounds

Need to print NOW while waiting for a fix or new cartridge?

Use Composite Black (CMY Mix)

Many printers can create "black" by mixing Cyan, Magenta, and Yellow inks:

  1. 1. Open print dialog for your document
  2. 2. Go to Printer Properties/Preferences
  3. 3. Find Color/Advanced options
  4. 4. Look for "Composite Black" or "Process Black" option
  5. 5. Or set printer to "Color" mode and convert document to grayscale in the application

Limitations: Composite black uses 3x more ink, may appear slightly warm/brown, and takes longer to dry. Good for emergencies, not long-term use.

Print Text as Dark Gray

In your word processor or PDF reader:

  1. 1. Select all text
  2. 2. Change color to dark gray (#333333 or RGB 51,51,51)
  3. 3. Print normally

This forces the printer to use color inks instead of black.

How to Prevent This Problem

Regular Printing

  • Print at least one page with black text weekly
  • Run a nozzle check monthly to catch clogs early
  • Don't let printer sit idle for more than 2 weeks

Proper Maintenance

  • Use genuine or high-quality compatible cartridges
  • Keep printer in climate-controlled area (not hot/cold)
  • Always turn off using power button (allows printhead parking)

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: My new black cartridge still won't print. Why?

New cartridges can have dried ink from sitting on shelves. Check the expiration date, ensure you removed all protective tape, and run the initial ink charging cycle. Some cartridges need "priming" — run a cleaning cycle after installation.

Q: I cleaned the printhead 5 times and it's still not working. What now?

Excessive cleaning can actually make things worse by introducing air bubbles. Stop cleaning, let the printer sit for 24 hours, then try once more. If it still doesn't work, the printhead or cartridge likely needs replacement.

Q: Black prints from the test page but not from Word documents. Why?

This is usually a software issue, not hardware. Check your application's print settings — you may have "Print in Color" selected. Also try printing from a different application to isolate the problem.

Q: How long can black ink sit unused before it clogs?

Pigment-based black ink can begin drying in nozzles within 2-3 weeks of non-use. Dye-based inks last longer. To prevent this, print something with black text at least once a week.

Q: Is it better to leave the printer on or off?

Modern printers are designed to stay on. They periodically run maintenance cycles that keep nozzles clear. However, use the power button to turn off (don't unplug) so the printhead can park properly and cap the nozzles.

Is Your Black Printing Working Now?

Print a test page to verify your fix worked